Come aprire un Franchising

Da PMI del 31 gennaio

Affiliazione commerciale che permette la creazione d’impresa, il contratto di franchising è un accordo tra produttore (che concede la commercializzazione dei propri prodotti a terze persone, nonché l’utilizzo del marchio e dell’insegna) e rivenditore, ossia l’affiliato.

Il primo, franchisor, si impegna nella fornitura di prodotti secondo la quantità richiesta (in molti casi contrattualizzata in misura minima o massima). Il franchisee si obbliga a promuovere ed eseguire le vendita nella zona assegnata; prestare assistenza (anche post-vendita) ai clienti; sottostare alle clausole dettate dal franchisor, da intendersi quali regole interne di organizzazione su modalità e prezzo di vendita dei prodotti.

Nella concessione di vendita è molto frequente la clausola “concessionario di vendita in esclusiva” a favore del venditore all’interno di un’area specificata.

Vantaggi del Franchising

La convenienza nell’avviare un’azienda in franchising? È per entrambe le parti. Il produttore riesce a programmare la quantità di beni da produrre; a sviluppare una rete di distribuzione senza il rischio della distribuzione; a elaborare il piano di mercato dei propri prodotti (che i rivenditori dovranno incondizionatamente approvare e osservare) in tutti i particolari.

=> Leggi aspetti civili e fiscali del Franchising

Dal canto suo, il rivenditore diventa sì imprenditore indipendente dal punto di vista giuridico ed economico ma può fare affidamento su marchio (già noto) e know-how del produttore (per questo motivo non è necessaria una particolare formazione o esperienza ma solo spiccate qualità personali e professionali).Il franchisee si presenta al pubblico con la stessa immagine imprenditoriale del produttore-brand, al punto tale che sovente il cliente finale equipara le due figure, riponendo la massima fiducia e fidelizzazione nel rivenditore affiliato, considerato come una sorta di filiale.

Costi di avvio franchising

Da preventivare prima di siglare un’affiliazione in franchising sono i costi di start-up. Primo fra tutti per l’affitto di locale idoneo: solitamente, infatti, i franchisor richiedono locali costosi, ubicati in centro città o luoghi ad alta frequentazione come centri commerciali e aeroporti. Le spese per le attrezzatura IT (dotazione informatica e software), per la gestione commerciale e ovviamente per il personale.

A queste si aggiungono solitamente anche costi fissi da riconoscere al franchisor quali diritti d’ingresso o fee periodici, ossia una cifra fissa che l’affiliato versa al momento della stipula del contratto di affiliazione commerciale. Per royalties si intende poi la percentuale che l’affiliante deve riconoscere al franchisor commisurata al giro d’affare oppure in quota fissa.

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